19. Can type 1 diabetes also be prevented?
At the present time, we do not think that type 1 diabetes can effectively be prevented. Part of the problem is that we do not know the exact environmental trigger(s), although there is provocative evidence for a number of factors, such as early exposure to cow’s milk, certain viral strains, and lack of stimulation of the immune system at an early age by natural exposure to infective agents.
The evidence is insufficient to make specific recommendations for avoidance of, or immunization against, specific potential triggering agents. A number of clinical trials of agents that modify the immune system attack on the insulinproducing cells of the pancreas (see Question 2) are under way.